Phongsaly is one of the provinces, located farthest north of Laos, which shares borders with China and Vietnam. Most of Phongsaly is at high altitudes, and the capital is located 1,400 m above sea level. The forests of Phongsaly are the most remote and well-preserved in northern Laos and the scenery includes spectacular limestone mountains and the Nam Ou river ( the biggest tributary of the Mekong ). The population is made up of about 22 different ethnicities, which are Phounoi, Tai Lu, Khmu, Akha, Haw, Yao, Oma, Poulee, Mouchee, Laoloum, Pala, Lolopho, Hmong, Cherpia, Laoseng, Laobith, Hayi, Tai Neua, Erpa…
The capital of Phongsaly province is Phongsaly town, which has a complicated history. Having served as a Chinese, French, and Vietnamese outpost. The town is surrounded by rolling hills and it is built into the side of Phoufa Mountain.
The town buildings have interesting architectural features, and the Museum of the tribe is an excellent way to visit in the afternoon, and admire various ethnic minority artifacts and handicrafts.